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# Codec
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High Performance and Feature-Rich Idiomatic Go Library providing
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encode/decode support for different serialization formats.
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Supported Serialization formats are:
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- msgpack: [https://github.com/msgpack/msgpack]
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- binc: [http://github.com/ugorji/binc]
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To install:
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go get github.com/ugorji/go/codec
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Online documentation: [http://godoc.org/github.com/ugorji/go/codec]
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The idiomatic Go support is as seen in other encoding packages in
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the standard library (ie json, xml, gob, etc).
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Rich Feature Set includes:
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- Simple but extremely powerful and feature-rich API
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- Very High Performance.
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Our extensive benchmarks show us outperforming Gob, Json and Bson by 2-4X.
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This was achieved by taking extreme care on:
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- managing allocation
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- function frame size (important due to Go's use of split stacks),
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- reflection use (and by-passing reflection for common types)
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- recursion implications
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- zero-copy mode (encoding/decoding to byte slice without using temp buffers)
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- Correct.
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Care was taken to precisely handle corner cases like:
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overflows, nil maps and slices, nil value in stream, etc.
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- Efficient zero-copying into temporary byte buffers
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when encoding into or decoding from a byte slice.
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- Standard field renaming via tags
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- Encoding from any value
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(struct, slice, map, primitives, pointers, interface{}, etc)
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- Decoding into pointer to any non-nil typed value
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(struct, slice, map, int, float32, bool, string, reflect.Value, etc)
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- Supports extension functions to handle the encode/decode of custom types
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- Support Go 1.2 encoding.BinaryMarshaler/BinaryUnmarshaler
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- Schema-less decoding
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(decode into a pointer to a nil interface{} as opposed to a typed non-nil value).
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Includes Options to configure what specific map or slice type to use
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when decoding an encoded list or map into a nil interface{}
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- Provides a RPC Server and Client Codec for net/rpc communication protocol.
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- Msgpack Specific:
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- Provides extension functions to handle spec-defined extensions (binary, timestamp)
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- Options to resolve ambiguities in handling raw bytes (as string or []byte)
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during schema-less decoding (decoding into a nil interface{})
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- RPC Server/Client Codec for msgpack-rpc protocol defined at:
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https://github.com/msgpack-rpc/msgpack-rpc/blob/master/spec.md
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- Fast Paths for some container types:
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For some container types, we circumvent reflection and its associated overhead
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and allocation costs, and encode/decode directly. These types are:
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[]interface{}
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[]int
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[]string
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map[interface{}]interface{}
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map[int]interface{}
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map[string]interface{}
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## Extension Support
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Users can register a function to handle the encoding or decoding of
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their custom types.
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There are no restrictions on what the custom type can be. Some examples:
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type BisSet []int
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type BitSet64 uint64
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type UUID string
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type MyStructWithUnexportedFields struct { a int; b bool; c []int; }
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type GifImage struct { ... }
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As an illustration, MyStructWithUnexportedFields would normally be
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encoded as an empty map because it has no exported fields, while UUID
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would be encoded as a string. However, with extension support, you can
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encode any of these however you like.
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## RPC
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RPC Client and Server Codecs are implemented, so the codecs can be used
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with the standard net/rpc package.
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## Usage
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Typical usage model:
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// create and configure Handle
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var (
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bh codec.BincHandle
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mh codec.MsgpackHandle
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)
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mh.MapType = reflect.TypeOf(map[string]interface{}(nil))
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// configure extensions
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// e.g. for msgpack, define functions and enable Time support for tag 1
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// mh.AddExt(reflect.TypeOf(time.Time{}), 1, myMsgpackTimeEncodeExtFn, myMsgpackTimeDecodeExtFn)
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// create and use decoder/encoder
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var (
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r io.Reader
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w io.Writer
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b []byte
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h = &bh // or mh to use msgpack
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)
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dec = codec.NewDecoder(r, h)
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dec = codec.NewDecoderBytes(b, h)
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err = dec.Decode(&v)
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enc = codec.NewEncoder(w, h)
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enc = codec.NewEncoderBytes(&b, h)
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err = enc.Encode(v)
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//RPC Server
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go func() {
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for {
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conn, err := listener.Accept()
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rpcCodec := codec.GoRpc.ServerCodec(conn, h)
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//OR rpcCodec := codec.MsgpackSpecRpc.ServerCodec(conn, h)
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rpc.ServeCodec(rpcCodec)
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}
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}()
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//RPC Communication (client side)
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conn, err = net.Dial("tcp", "localhost:5555")
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rpcCodec := codec.GoRpc.ClientCodec(conn, h)
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//OR rpcCodec := codec.MsgpackSpecRpc.ClientCodec(conn, h)
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client := rpc.NewClientWithCodec(rpcCodec)
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## Representative Benchmark Results
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A sample run of benchmark using "go test -bi -bench=. -benchmem":
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/proc/cpuinfo: Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-2630QM CPU @ 2.00GHz (HT)
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..............................................
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BENCHMARK INIT: 2013-10-16 11:02:50.345970786 -0400 EDT
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To run full benchmark comparing encodings (MsgPack, Binc, JSON, GOB, etc), use: "go test -bench=."
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Benchmark:
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Struct recursive Depth: 1
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ApproxDeepSize Of benchmark Struct: 4694 bytes
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Benchmark One-Pass Run:
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v-msgpack: len: 1600 bytes
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bson: len: 3025 bytes
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msgpack: len: 1560 bytes
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binc: len: 1187 bytes
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gob: len: 1972 bytes
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json: len: 2538 bytes
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..............................................
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PASS
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Benchmark__Msgpack____Encode 50000 54359 ns/op 14953 B/op 83 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Msgpack____Decode 10000 106531 ns/op 14990 B/op 410 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Binc_NoSym_Encode 50000 53956 ns/op 14966 B/op 83 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Binc_NoSym_Decode 10000 103751 ns/op 14529 B/op 386 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Binc_Sym___Encode 50000 65961 ns/op 17130 B/op 88 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Binc_Sym___Decode 10000 106310 ns/op 15857 B/op 287 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Gob________Encode 10000 135944 ns/op 21189 B/op 237 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Gob________Decode 5000 405390 ns/op 83460 B/op 1841 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Json_______Encode 20000 79412 ns/op 13874 B/op 102 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Json_______Decode 10000 247979 ns/op 14202 B/op 493 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Bson_______Encode 10000 121762 ns/op 27814 B/op 514 allocs/op
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Benchmark__Bson_______Decode 10000 162126 ns/op 16514 B/op 789 allocs/op
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Benchmark__VMsgpack___Encode 50000 69155 ns/op 12370 B/op 344 allocs/op
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Benchmark__VMsgpack___Decode 10000 151609 ns/op 20307 B/op 571 allocs/op
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ok ugorji.net/codec 30.827s
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To run full benchmark suite (including against vmsgpack and bson),
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see notes in ext\_dep\_test.go
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